Sam Harris speaks with Robin Carhart-Harris about psychedelic research and its therapeutic potential. They discuss the current state of the field, the FDA denial of MDMA-assisted therapy for PTSD, the critical role of set and setting, risks for vulnerable populations, the REBUS model of how psychedelics work on the brain, the default mode network and ego dissolution, microdosing, the neuroscience of consciousness, DMT entities, and other topics.
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In this Friday episode, host Jon Krohn talks to UCSF’s David Moses about BRAVO (Brain-Computer Interface Restoration of Arm and Voice), a study led by Edward Chang and Karunesh Ganguly that helps patients who have lost the ability to speak to communicate once again via a speech neuroprosthesis. Postdoctoral engineer David Moses, who is a part of BRAVO, reveals the data and machine learning models that help BRAVO predict the words and facial expressions that a paralyzed patient is trying to form via their brain activity, crucially helping patients to communicate with medical practitioners and loved ones.
Additional materials: www.superdatascience.com/724
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This week I talk to Bob Rogers, a Harvard trained astrophysicist who once built digital twins of black holes to better understand them, and now builds digital twins of supply chains to help make them more efficient and resilient.
My guest is Eddie Chang, MD, a neurosurgeon and professor of neurological surgery at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) and the co-director of the Center for Neural Engineering & Prostheses. We discuss the brain mechanisms underlying speech, language learning and comprehension, communicating human emotion with words and hand gestures, bilingualism and language disorders, such as stuttering. Dr. Chang also explains his work developing and applying state-of-the-art technology to decode speech and using that information and artificial intelligence (AI) to successfully restore communication to patients who have suffered paralyzing injuries or “locked in syndrome.” We also discuss his work treating patients with epilepsy. Finally, we consider the future: how modern neuroscience is overturning textbook medical books, the impact of digital technology such as smartphones on language and the future of natural and computer-assisted human communication.
For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com.
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Timestamps
(00:00:00) Dr. Eddie Chang, Speech & Language
(00:03:16) Sponsor: LMNT
(00:07:19) Neuroplasticity, Learning of Speech & Environmental Sounds
(00:13:10) White Noise Machines, Infant Sleep & Sensitization
(00:17:26) Mapping Speech & Language in the Brain
(00:24:26) Emotion; Anxiety & Epilepsy
(00:30:19) Epilepsy, Medications & Neurosurgery
(00:33:01) Ketogenic Diet & Epilepsy
(00:34:04) Sponsor: AG1
(00:36:10) Absence Seizures, Nocturnal Seizures & Other Seizure Types
(00:41:08) Brain Areas for Speech & Language, Broca’s & Wernicke’s Areas, New Findings
(00:53:23) Lateralization of Speech/Language & Handedness, Strokes
(00:59:05) Bilingualism, Shared Language Circuits
(01:01:18) Speech vs. Language, Signal Transduction from Ear to Brain
(01:12:38) Shaping Breath: Larynx, Vocal Folds & Pharynx; Vocalizations
(01:17:37) Mapping Language in the Brain
(01:20:26) Plosives & Consonant Clusters; Learning Multiple Languages
(01:25:07) Motor Patterns of Speech & Language
(01:28:33) Reading & Writing; Dyslexia & Treatments
(01:34:47) Evolution of Language
(01:37:54) Stroke & Foreign Accent Syndrome
(01:40:31) Auditory Memory, Long-Term Motor Memory
(01:45:26) Paralysis, ALS, “Locked-In Syndrome” & Brain Computer Interface (BCI)
(02:02:14) Neuralink, BCI, Superhuman Skills & Augmentation
(02:10:21) Non-Verbal Communication, Facial Expressions, BCI & Avatars
(02:17:35) Stutter, Anxiety & Treatment
(02:22:55) Tools: Practices for Maintaining Calm Under Extreme Demands
(02:31:10) Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Momentous Supplements, Huberman Lab Premium, Neural Network Newsletter, Social Media
Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac
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with Atul Butte (@atulbutte), Daphne Koller (@daphnekoller), and Vijay Pande (@vijaypande)
Whether you’re an academic seeking to move out of research and into industry, or simply interested in working at a bio startup, this episode of the a16z Podcast is for you. It covers everything from how to build a brand in the space when you don’t have one to how the bio and how the healthcare startup ecosystem is different from traditional tech (or traditional pharma), to how to choose the right co-founder -- or even identify what problems to solve and build a company around.
The discussion (which is based on a recent event at Andreessen Horowitz) features Atul Butte, Distinguished Professor and Director of the Institute for Computational Health Sciences at UCSF; and Daphne Koller, founder and CEO of insitro (former professor at Stanford, co-founder of Coursera); in conversation with a16z bio team general partner Vijay Pande. Together, they provide practical how-to's -- for those coming from machine and deep learning backgrounds, but also for anyone, really -- for how to break into the bio space.
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